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Title
WHO - Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion: Programming Guidance
Abstract
This document is about Sanitation
and Hygiene Promotion.
It is about setting in place a process whereby people
(women, children and men) effect and sustain a
hygienic and healthy environment for themselves. They do this by erecting barriers to prevent
transmission of disease agents (broadly by means of sanitation) and by reducing the main risky hygiene practices
and conditions which they face (usually the main focus of
hygiene promotion).
Safe disposal of excreta and hygienic behaviours are essential for the dignity, status and wellbeing of every person, be they rich or poor, irrespective of whether they
live in rural areas, small towns or urban centres.
The primary direct impact of sanitation and hygiene promotion is on health, and of all health impacts, the most
signiicant is probably the prevention of diarrhoeal disease. Primary barriers to diarrhoeal and other water-
related disease transmission include both physical infrastructure (amongst which household sanitation is important), and hygienic practices (washing of hands with soap
or a local substitute after contamination with excreta).
Experience has shown that sustained improvements in
access to sanitation and sustained changes in hygienic behaviours require an appropriate enabling environment
(of policy, organisations, Hnance, management and accountability). The Hygiene lmprovement Framework is a
conceptual model developed by USAID to help programmers visualize the relationship between these three
elements.
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